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Resources: Notes: Nature of Light: Light Energy: Light is energy. Only photons whose energy exceeds a … Though it was immediately suspected, following Röntgen’s discovery, that X-rays were a form of electromagnetic radiation, this proved very difficult to establish. Electromagnetic Radiation as both Waves & Particles Electromagnetic waves travel at 3 x 108m∙s-1with many of the properties of waves such as: - Reflection - Refraction - Diffraction Electromagnetic radiation also behaves like a particle when absorption in materials occurs. Your email address will not be published. The number of waves passing through any point in unit time (1 sec) is known as frequency (υ). de Broglie in 1924 proposed that matter, like radiation, should also exhibit dual behaviour i.e., both particle and wave like properties. Energy less than quantum can never be absorbed or emitted. The relation is E = hυ, Where E is energy of photon, h is Planck’s constant and υ is the frequency of the radiation. Chemistry Journal 2.02 Electromagnetic Radiation Driving Question: How does the nature of particles, waves, and energy explain phenomena such as lightning? We understand the conditions under which EM radiation behaves as a wave diffraction experiment. It includes radio waves, microwaves, infrared, (visible) light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays. FQ: What are the characteristics of waves? Dual Nature of Electromagnetic Waves An electromagnetic wave is an energy wave that has both a magnetic field and an electrical field. Wave-particle duality, possession by physical entities (such as light and electrons) of both wavelike and particle-like characteristics. unit is m. and practical unit is angstrom (Å). Question 1. The arrangement of different electromagnetic radiations in order of increasing wavelength is called electromagnetic spectrum. In this lesson we describe EM radiation as a wave and a particle with properties of both. Define waves. Sometimes it behaves like a wave, which explains how light bends (or diffracts) around an object 3. The wavelengths associated with electrons and other subatomic particles (with very small mass) can, however, be detected experimentally. The photoelectric effect could be explained considering that radiations consist of small packets of energy called quanta. Bohr also made up a new rule to explain the stability of the hydrogen atom --- why it could last longer than 0.000000000001 second. The dual nature of radiation here basically mean ‘the wave nature’ and ‘the particle nature’. Each photon has energy E = hv and momentum p = h/λ. Unlike sound waves or water waves, electromagnetic waves do not require medium and can move in vacuum. The second basic type of radiation is electromagnetic radiation. Each quanta has definite amount of energy which depends upon frequency of radiation. Visible light represents only a small portion of the entire spectrum of electromagnetic radiation (as … These fields are transmitted in the forms of waves called electromagnetic waves or electromagnetic radiation. Key Ideas and Terms Notes Define frequency. De Broglie’s prediction was confirmed experimentally when it was found that an electron beam undergoes diffraction, a phenomenon characteristic of waves. The energy of a photon E and the frequency of the electromagnetic radiation associated with it are related in the following way: \[E=h \upsilon \label{2}\] where h is a universal constant of nature called Planck’s constant with the value 6.6262 × 10 –34 J s. The application of Equation \(\ref{2}\) is best shown by an example. Describe the observed facts of photoelectric effect. The wavelengths associated with ordinary objects are so short (because of their large masses) that their wave properties cannot be detected. 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